First, identify what is the fundamental basis of ancient coins?
The fundamental basis for identification of coins are old coins of the era and individual characteristics. Each era coins, has its own characteristics. There are three major pre-Qin period monetary system, namely: cloth currency, coins and rings knives money. Some of the first cloth especially thick air, even the first with five inches in length, body width of three inches or more, and have been satisfied through the hollow handle to the cloth body of the abdomen, shoulders round bottom level, there is no text on both sides, with the nearest shovel tools . Western Zhou Dynasty Ancient Coin will not be after this thing. Warring States period cloth currency changes have taken place in the shape, the air first into the first level, from large to small; cloth currency in the first end of the gate, the gate edge due to out of range when the outside casting more than copper, was the natural state, the gate polished forged coins were exposed to shift its currency of forgery. Most have knife coins, cloth currency both in terms of shape or text area are free-spirited. Fan was to mint coins with mud, cast only once per norm, so the coin is the same place, no two above text is the same. The text on the coin flowing calligraphy, the stroke is a knife made no changes to the money forgers forgery scheme when words are looked sluggish, and there are not the characteristics of the Warring States text coins. There are eight coins Western Han Dynasty. Han half two, a small body and flesh, words very irregular, and sometimes even aquiline; eight baht of two large semi-thin samples of meat, and the characters flat; three baht money only four or five years, a small number; five Soo much variety. Now seen almost half of the two counterfeit five baht a special product. Counterfeit currency changes are generally carved with real solution, and also a useful means of forged foundry. Three by five baht baht money changed engraving of money, should be carefully identified. Mang money in the wrong knife, beautifully produced, large spring half inch diameter coin, heavy twenty baht. Figure wrongly knives and coins are two inches long, the wrong knife with "a knife flat five thousand" five words. The "sword" is wrong as gold, so be the wrong knife. Coin money was on the seal pin down the main text is the text of the calligraphy is also an excellent, counterfeit and some rough, although some fine, but the lack of raw dynamic text, appear dull, thin distinguish finally identified.
Wei and Jin are many kinds of coins, but also many counterfeit goods. This is the main coin of coins, iron money also commonly used. Appeared in the country, money, money, and the Kyrgyz language reign of money, such as "Feng goods money", change money diameter of about three centimeters, Seal, Zhao Shiqin had made the post. "Hanxing" There are two, under the Han Xing, official script, known as the "straight Han"; the other is right-left-Xing Han, seal script, known as "cross-Han", "Wang Han" rare. "Hanxing", "Everlight", "King and" the diameter of 1.5 cm and 1.7 cm, between "cool to build a new spring," "clear days Fengle" in diameter from 2.0 to 2.2 cm, between "too Summer really Xing "in the 2.2 to 2.3 cm in diameter between the largely inconsistent with this false money. Therefore, we must be careful to understand a period of coinage history, to grasp the characteristics of each generation of effective coin identification.
Second, what is the old coins and paper money in shape?
Qian Qian is cast on the surface of the text. Since the paper money, right, down, left, and read, called back to read or spin time, money, text from top to bottom, from right to left to read, called direct-reading or reading along. Qian of the book are seal, scribe, real, grass, lines, thin gold and Times New Roman, even if the same font, but also a great variety of methods. Shape of the casting process that is old coins, coin material, shape structure. Coins of different ages, has its own characteristics, but also out of necessity, the provisions of the difference with the former coin. Example, there are profiles of some of the money side hole circle, and some have no profile; some piercing big, some small perforation; Qian, some direct-reading, and some spin time. Coins of different ages and therefore have formed their own unique style, in the identification of old coins when the authenticity of this approach is very scientific. Let the knife as much cloth to make the text easy to wear, put the coin in a higher profile cast, the middle of a high back, without these characteristics, then it should be judged is counterfeit. Even with the same knife currency coins, the relation of time has changed. This requires money, coin enthusiasts often memorize words and appears in the text characteristics of the times, in order to avoid the counterfeit coins of when.
Third, what is carved mother? How to judge its authenticity?
Carved ancestral home known as money. With copper or tin, or lead directly to money carved mold, to mint coins with a progenitor of money when you do die, turn cast the mother money. The money awarded to the mother country, the money made over the range of coins with the mother. Progenitor of money is very well carved, carved mother of the current findings are golden bronze, copper is a good texture. Bronze mother's money culture is very beautiful, deep-Jun words in the mouth. Money but not the mother marks carved signs than with the slightly larger version of the money in circulation, some heavy. Carved mother made the money money is taken away after model, craftsmen pouring molten liquid copper mold on the money until the mint mold after cooling, remove the coin processing polished smooth top. Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, metallurgy and mining technology, led the coin industry. Ming and Qing dynasties flourish of brass coins. Brass is copper and zinc alloys. Previously identified the amount of copper coins, it will be money thrown on the floor, listening to sound off their purity, high purity copper, the gold thrown on the ground sound. In addition to brass, there are white coins, which is the proportion of tin in copper tin together a large reason, there is a white nickel and copper coins. Carved mother of the mother volume of money and circulation of money, big money, the mother of money off than larger circulation of money, copper is also good. Just because money is the ancestral home foundry cast the money, so much the outer contours of words in the mouth are not carved deep-Jun parent, the mother of Jackson more ways than carving. Mother of foreign money in addition to copper, there are also iron. Iron materials, iron foundry manufacturing the same level of coins money than the mother to be bigger, more heavy.
Ancient coin enthusiasts should be the mother of iron and iron coins distinguish Fan, cast iron for the mother of the money is made from iron foundry money home money, and then cast the money flow of money from the mother, it really just copper coins of different materials . The Iron Fan coins, the money in a large cast iron before the melting of the copper liquid injection now to check the effect of mode of money, so try casting products such as coins, this is exactly the same shape and iron coins of money. This popular little money. Whether or areas to create coins, is a handicraft methods of production, the quality of the resulting mixed coin and casting costs high. The ancient Chinese coins, often in the form of copper, the wrong range and flow, thus making money irregular appearance, the weight and fineness is also vastly different, that is the same furnace Suozhu money, weight is not necessarily the same as it is on the fineness difficult to discern. A revolution in the history of Chinese coins, the machine is clean coins used, new bronze coins per neat compact system, greatly welcomed by the people, and by the Italian government.
Fourth, what is the raw pit goods, pit cooked products? How do they identify?
Said with a rusty old coins excavated pit of Health, said it unearthed new pit soon; unearthed a long duration, still with traces of rust film, said older students, pit, or pit cooked. Students also pit counterfeit goods, was forged generations before the generation of old coins, the money pit we distinguish the authenticity of students is to observe the main text of coins, rusty. Because the words on the coins are mostly written by the famous calligrapher, and learn some of the counterfeiters of its shape without the word of God, and sometimes also different shapes of text and coins, although the rust is true, money is false. Copper is a relatively stable metal, at room temperature, and humidity of the case is not easy to rust. After the coins buried one hundred years or even decades after thousands of years, the surface of the coin from the chemical changes will generate a patina, that rust will not fall off. Some Fake Rust is decorated with specially treated, even though very realistic, but after soaking in boiling water, rust on the back off.
Fifth, what is the old coins in the face, back, curtain, clothing, profile, meat?
Old coins called the front side, the general cast of characters, called the surface text of the text or the money. A vertical surface, said vertical text, horizontal line across the text said. Short of money on the back back back back with the text, said text, if neither the text nor ornamentation, called the light back, money back, said the general screen. Money is called the square hole or round hole wear, can also be called to do, letter. Wear a big wide hole called, called the narrow little wear, there are flowers to wear. Worn outside the body is called the money meat. The outer edge of the meat is called, or called the profile; within the margin of the border is called the inner surface, or do a good job profile, functional profile; called the fine inner surface profile of thin, very thin is called thin profile. Round before the Han Dynasty money back without external profile, and we call it flat back, from the Han Dynasty began to cast five baht money, coins have a profile both inside and outside. Outline dual wheels or re-named profile; the profile of heavy hole is called a double or heavy wear. Profile within the profile are lower than the outside, we become negative profile.
Sixth, what is the token money, ant nose with a face much money?
Token money, is the face, back, marked with special coins. Such as money, money back surface of a star pattern, patterns, and so on. As Qianyuan treasures, a Swiss value of 990 yuan bird pattern. Song Xianchun ingot, a square and fold twenty-two kinds, back to the eight-character text from the meta characters, which means that coins of the era, eight years Xianchun coin money is the last song, nine, ten years probably are not coins, after the first Young Emperor, Emperor end were not immature and post-euro coins. Early casting a variety of large and medium reign emperor money, that is, squares, folding two fold three fold five, when five, when the ten, and in the provincial Bureau of the drum is divided into Baoquan cast, the cast of the money, the back of the provinces Board name , namely, Peking, Yu, Ji, Beijing, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei, Guangzhou, Guangxi and so little money on the back were more than just Office. Who found that more than three a lot of money back there Peking Man, Hubei, Beijing, Guangxi and other words of the old coin, we must watch out identification, real currency value of a thousand dollars each chop, all are treasures. Men call ant nose money, is an advanced form of copper shell. Coin experts believe that money is ants nose Chu currency, because most of the unearthed in the south, and the text is the negative text, and the currency of the Central Plains. Ants, the shape of the nose is a positive money raised, the back of the flat. According to the text on the money can be divided into many species. The most common is called a face of money, because money, as oval, and some shade above the text, it does look like humans face. Zhu, followed by the six, because the text seems to be the top six Zhu Hyphenation of words, at the same time as an ant, with a face on the high nose, so there is money to this name ant nose. The two most common money. Several other ant nose money, that is, copper shell inscriptions as "all" those words are very rare. After the liberation in Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu and southern Shandong ants have been found in the nose of money. Normal nasal money handed down more, almost no counterfeit, but unearthed little "full" character coins, whether it should be vigilant to do pseudo-trace.
VII, reign, gold, treasures the difference?
Global Express is a copper coin from the late Tang Zhiqing name Gaozu Takenori four years, casting Kaiyuan reign. Means a new era for the New Century, adopted after the ancient, and often in the "reign" preceded by the word reign, dynasty, or country names. From the Tang Dynasty, the money is no longer the name of the weight, and renamed the treasure. Such as "Tang Tong Bao", "TANG Guo Tong Bao", "peace reign", "Yongle reign", "Emperor Kangxi reign," and so on. Money said the treasure is its social significance, and this is the power of money increases. Experts summed up the coins in the ancient text known as the reign of the money for "Song, Pacific, Sky, Wong Song, to, and, Jiayou, Zhiping, Xining, Yuan Feng, Yuan Yu, Yuan Fu, Jianguo, Saint Song chongning, Grand View, governance, weight, sun and, Jingkang "and so on. "Ingot" This name was first used during the Tang Suzong cast in Luoyang Shi Siming "was One ingot" and "Shun Tin ingot." Shun Tin ingot ingot by the restructuring was One. Both the money is a form of occupation currency. Great calendar year calendar has a large cast ingots, the production is not fine. Low price of money at that time, copper is very high. So officials are not well cast. There are days after blessing ingot, ingot Chunhua, San Po Song, Xuan and ingots, ingot, etc. Jingkang. "Pride" is also a copper name, the name was first cast for the first year of the Tang Qianyuan "Qianyuan treasures." Legal Qianyuan money in two ways: one is when the ten money Qianyuan treasures; the other is when the Qianyuan fifty treasures, this kind of money on the back of the outer profile is a double ring, so called money roller Qianyuan . Qianyuan treasures handed down a lot, especially the squares of money, only to open yuan. North Korea has cast Qianyuan treasures, on the back of the "East China" word, this is the first North Korean money. Qianyuan much light back there on the back is bent or worn bird or cloud, there are clouds in the wear of. After a South Han "Hang treasures of money," Song "Qingli treasures", "chongning treasures" clear "Xianfeng treasures", "dynasty treasures," and so on.
